Green chemistry

Green chemistry or green chemistry is a new paradigm which intensified the process and product design that can minimize or even eliminate the use and formation of toxic chemicals and dangerous. Slightly different from the coverage of topics that deal with environmental chemical aspects of environmental chemistry, green chemistry is more direct view of the problem to find methods of chemical processes more environmentally friendly, reduce, and prevent pollution and pollution sources.
Could be said of green chemistry is stale because knowledge is the result of collaboration from a variety of chemical disciplines that have been established previously. But what makes him shine in the scope of the discipline of chemistry is the concept. The paradigm of green chemistry and it has invited leading scientists to develop innovations that shift the chemical processes, increase / decrease or renew the traditional chemical process, conventional thaw and human environment without abandoning the principles of optimization of production processes. The following concepts will be presented a bit of green chemistry principles.
In 2005, Ryoji Noyori proposed three aspects of the development of green chemistry, supercritical carbon dioxide as a green solvent, hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent green, and the use of hydrogen in the synthesis of asymmetric compounds. These aspects become much more diverse as the rapid growth of scientists working in the passion of green chemistry. Chemical processes in the micro-reactor size, chemical processes involving ionic cecair (ionic liquids) as well as chemical reactions in a multi-phase solvent is a little example of additional aspects.
Paul Anastas and John C. Warner then developed 12 principles of green chemistry for mendefinikan.
1. Prevent the formation of trash chemical process designed by chemical synthesis that prevents the formation of waste or pollutants.
2. Designing chemicals and derivatives products are safe to produce an effective chemical products with no or low but its toxic effects.
3. Chemical synthesis to design a much less dangerous effect, means designing a process to use and produce compounds that have little or no toxic effects on humans and the environment
4. Utilizing intake of the chemical processes renewable materials. Raw materials from agriculture or aquaculture products can be regarded as renewable raw materials, while the mining results are said to be the material can not be updated.
5. Using the catalyst. The use of catalytic reactions has the advantage because it only uses less material and a catalyst to accelerate the process of raising productivity and reaction cycle.
6. Derivatisasi tehadap avoid chemical compounds. This means avoiding the formation of compounds between the phases or derivatives during the reaction, because the agent is added derivatives or merely a byproduct waste as rubbish.
7. Maximizing the atom economy by designing the process so that the end result contains a maximum ratio of the initial intake process so as not to produce atomic waste.
8. The use of solvents and reaction conditions are more secure in a way trying to avoid using solvents, separation agents, or other chemical assistants. Solvents are used to a minimum and do not cause pollution or damage to the environment and atmosphere. Water is an example of any solvent (the universal solvent) environmentally friendly.
9. Increasing energy efficiency is to react to conditions approaching or equal to the natural conditions, such as room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
10. Designing chemicals and products that can be degraded after use into harmless materials or not accumulated after use.
11. Analysis at the same time with the production process to prevent pollution. In the process, included the supervision and control stage with and along the synthesis process to reduce the formation of side products.
12. Minimize the potential for accidents is to design chemical and physical form that can minimize the potential for chemical accidents such as explosions, fire, or release of toxins into the environment.

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